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M9480547.TXT
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Document 0547
DOCN M9480547
TI Early diagnosis and immunologic changes in HIV-1 infected pregnant women
and their children.
DT 9410
AU Valente P; Sever JL; Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies,
NINDS, NIH,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
SO Isr J Med Sci. 1994 May-Jun;30(5-6):421-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/94307928
AB The diagnosis of HIV infection in pregnant women is usually based on the
detection of HIV-specific antibodies. These tests become positive a few
weeks to months after infection. In the United States, it is recommended
that tests be offered to all women and encouraged where the rate of
infection is > or = 1/1,000 or the woman is at increased risk for
infection. The great majority of infected pregnant women are
asymptomatic, and questioning patients about risk behavior will identify
only about one-half of the infected women. In Washington, D.C. about
1.5% of the pregnant women who reside in the city are HIV positive. The
diagnosis of HIV in the child in the first month of life is difficult
and requires the use of polymerase chain reaction tests and/or culture.
Other tests become positive later. Immunological tests in most
HIV-infected mothers in the USA are normal; however, about 12% of
patients are symptomatic and show decreased CD4 T cell counts and 6%
have AIDS. These patients may have other evidence of decreased T cell
responses and are at increased risk for opportunistic infections. At
birth, almost all children of HIV-infected mothers have normal
immunological findings. However, about 50 of these children become ill
by 1 year of age and many develop decreased T cell counts and other
immunological changes.
DE Female Fetal Diseases/*DIAGNOSIS/IMMUNOLOGY Human HIV
Antibodies/ISOLATION & PURIF HIV Core Protein p24/ANALYSIS HIV
Infections/*DIAGNOSIS/EPIDEMIOLOGY/IMMUNOLOGY
*HIV-1/IMMUNOLOGY/ISOLATION & PURIF Infant, Newborn Male Polymerase
Chain Reaction Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications,
Infectious/*DIAGNOSIS/IMMUNOLOGY Prenatal Diagnosis United
States/EPIDEMIOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW REVIEW, ACADEMIC
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).